When you think of Europe and its capital cities, the ever-popular Rome, Barcelona and Paris usually spring to mind. And don’t get us wrong, these cities are popular for good reason! However, today, we’d like to introduce you to seven of Europe’s lesser-known capital cities. Smaller, but equally as epic, and well worth adding to your bucket list.
1. Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Currency: Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark, BAM
Sarajevo has some impressive history behind it! It’s sometimes referred to as the ‘Jerusalem of Europe’ thanks to its unique cultural mix. You would be hard pressed to find another European city that has a mosque, Catholic church, Eastern Orthodox church and synagogue in one neighbourhood! Sarajevo was also the most developed European city at the end of the 19th century – Europe’s first shopping centre was opened here in 1540; the Bey’s Mosque was the first in the world to install electric lighting; and city streets had public lighting and an electric tram as early as 1895. From being where Franz Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated (and therefore starting WWI) in 1914, to having fascinating Ottoman-era architecture, Sarajevo is truly a wonder.
2. Zagreb, Croatia
Currency: Croatian kuna, HRK
If you have a strong love for the arts, Zagreb is a great capital city to visit. With over 30 theatres, 30 museums and art galleries galore, you’ll be spoilt for choice. Zagreb has a pleasant, relaxed vibe to it compared to Croatian cities like Dubrovnik and Split. Practically every neighbourhood has an outdoor market, frequented by locals most days, and you’ll notice that its cafe culture is a beloved tradition, too. If you’re lucky, you may spot one of the 200 street gas lamps being lit in the evenings. These gas lamps have been in operation since 1863, lit and extinguished by hand every day.
3. Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
Currency: Euro, EUR
There are several fun features to Luxembourg City, the capital of Luxembourg. It’s the only place in the world ruled by a Grand Duke; public transport is free making it easy to get around; and it is built into a gorge giving it a dramatic feel as soon as you arrive. With some of the best-preserved medieval ruins in Europe, Luxembourg City is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Try your hand at some local phrases while you’re there – Luxembourg City has three official languages (French, German and Luxembourgish)!
4. Valletta, Malta
Currency: Euro, EUR
Despite being the smallest European capital city, Valletta is truly impressive. Not only was it designed with a smart grid system, but it was also built as a (very sturdy) fortress city. So much so that it held its own when the Ottomans failed to conquer Malta in the Great Siege of 1565! With 300 days of sunshine each year, Valletta is a whimsical city to explore. Its streets feature Baroque architecture, charming balconies, small pockets with statues of Saints, and hidden gardens and courtyards.
5. Reykjavik, Iceland
Currency: Icelandic krona, ISK
Photo by iamsmark on Instagram
Did you know that Reykjavik translates to ‘smoky bay’? It’s named for the geothermal hot springs that create wafts of steam lifting from the ground. Reykjavik is a revered place for authors. Several original Icelandic manuscripts that detail much of the Viking history are found here, and its range of medieval literature has crowned Reykjavik a UNESCO City of Literature in 2011. This is an incredible feat being the first non-native English-speaking city to hold this prestigious title. It’s no wonder that many Icelandic authors find inspiration here!
6. Bratislava, Slovakia
Currency: Euro, EUR
Slovakia has had many influences from nearby countries during its history, particularly Hungary. Bratislava was formerly the coronation site of Hungarian Kings and Queens between 1536 – 1783. Since becoming independent, Bratislava has developed its own flair that delights visitors every year. Landmarks like The Man at Work (a bronze figure coming out of a sewer), the reconstructed Bratislava Castle, and charming Staré Mestro (Old Town) have come together to create a strong cultural and economic hub in Slovakia.
7. Helsinki, Finland
Currency: Euro, EUR
Photo by designcitylab on Instagram
Despite being the coldest Nordic capital city, Helsinki is still worth your time for its relaxed, pristine atmosphere. This is largely contributed to by its size and being a leader in design.
Helsinki has a large population but also a large metropolitan area, making it one of the least densely populated urban areas in Europe. Since the 1950’s, Helsinki has championed Nordic design trends, primarily focused on unique furniture and glass designs. So much so, it was named the World Design Capital in 2012! Many of the city’s buildings have been built using white granite which creates an elegant vibe and impactful visual feast for the eyes. Plus, locals love a sauna to relax. The waterfront Löyly is the most popular with three wood-fired saunas and a year-round outdoor swimming pool. If not for the sauna, its wood-centric design is an architectural delight.
Have we piqued your interest? Visit one of these lesser-known capital cities on a Globus or Cosmos tour, or an Avalon Waterways river cruise.
